![]() Independent estimates push the number to 14 percent (Zohry, 2002). Official estimates placed unemployment at about 8.4 percent in 2000/2001 down from 9.2 percent in 1991/1992. Although it can be seen as a kind of ‘natural response’ to the geography of economic opportunity, migration to large cities has further imbalanced Egypt’s population distribution.ģAssociated with rapid population growth is a high level of unemployment. The remaining 95 % of the land is desert. About 95 % of the population is crowded onto around the 5 % of the total land area that is formed by the narrow ribbon of dense population and agriculture that follows the course of the Nile. The annual population growth rate is around 2 %. Today, Egypt’s population approaches 70 million. While the doubling of Egypt’s population between 18, from 9.7 million to 19 million, took fifty years, the next doubling took less than thirty years, from 1947 to 1976. Rapid population growth is one of the crucial problems that hinder development efforts in Egypt. The Nile represents the main source of water for agriculture, and consequently is a major determinant of the spatial distribution of population and economic life. To take a migrant-focused approach to immigrants - mainly refugees - who come from at least 30 different countries, would require political and economic analyses of their countries of origin, and this is beyond the scope of this study.ĢThe dominant geographical feature of Egypt is the River Nile. These sections are primarily concerned with the policies of the Egyptian government and the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), which decides refugee status in Egypt. Sections on migration to Egypt focus mainly on refugees, using as examples the largest populations from Palestine, Sudan, Ethiopia, and Somalia, because they form the majority of new migrants to Egypt. The study is migrant-focused, though some elements of Egyptian government policy are also included. This paper surveys Egyptian immigration with emphasis on emigration to complete the picture. ![]() The ancestors of the Egyptian people include many races and ethnic groups, including Africans, Arabs, Berbers, Greeks, Persians, Romans, and Turks. ![]() In the past, foreigners were coming to Egypt while Egyptians rarely migrated abroad till the mid 1950s. Egypt has been an area of international migration (migration from the eastern and the north-eastern Mediterranean countries to Egypt). 1Historically, Egypt was a land of immigrants not emigrants (Sell, 1988). ![]()
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